Submarine patent: related pages

Exchange rights to patent portfolios, which reduces litigation and R & D costs, while simultaneously erecting barriers to entry.

Patents, copyrights and trademarks.

A derogatory term for a patent holder who exploits the patent system is ways that are seen as unfair, inethical or harmful to society.

Effects which cause the value of a product to its consumers to increase if it is more widely used.

Expenditure on researching and developing new products. Development costs are related to specific products and may be capitalised.